Star cluster in the “Cosmic Gem” arc photographed by NASA's James Webb Telescope

An international team of NASA astronomers using the James Webb Telescope has discovered star clusters in the “Cosmic Gems” arc that came into existence just 460 million years after the Big Bang.

The Cosmic Gem Ark was discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope and by using the advanced technology currently present in the human world, we were able to discover the existence of these young galaxies and stars.

Due to its great distance and location from the Earth, research and study on this celestial body was difficult, but with the international cooperation of astronomers and technology, this difficult task became possible.

Five young massive star clusters were newly discovered in the cosmic James Arc (SPT0615-JD1) using the Webb telescope. The location of these galaxies is about 13.3 billion light-years away from Earth.

These clusters are thought to have existed when young galaxies were undergoing intense explosions. The newly discovered clusters in the arc are massive and dense, located in a very small region of their galaxy.

Despite their small size, they contribute most of the UV light emitted by their host galaxy. This discovery will help astronomers learn more about the history of the universe and the objects in it.

“These galaxies are thought to be the major sources of the intense radiation that characterized the early universe,” said lead author Angela Adamo of Stockholm University.

The second statement on this discovery is from the Oskar Klein Centre in Sweden. “What is special about the Cosmic Gems Arc is that thanks to gravitational lensing we can resolve the galaxy down to the parsec scale.”

Young star clusters, unlike the ancient globular clusters in our galaxy that have survived for billions of years, the discovery of these star clusters gives us an understanding of the early stages of star formation in the universe.

Overall, the Cosmic Gems Arc provides a glimpse into the early stages of the universe, showcasing star clusters that formed when the universe was still young and vibrant.